臺灣核心實作指引(TW Core IG)
1.0.0 - STU 1.0.0 Taiwan flag

This page is part of the 臺灣核心實作指引(TW Core IG) (v1.0.0: Releases) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) R4. This is the current published version. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: TW Core Observation Body Weight

Official URL: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Observation-body-weight-twcore Version: 1.0.0
Active as of 2025-12-10 Computable Name: TWCoreObservationBodyWeight

此臺灣核心-體重（TW Core Observation Body Weight）Profile 說明本 IG 如何進一步定義臺灣核心-生命體徵（TW Core Observation Vital Signs）Profile 以呈現體重資料。

Usages:

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
... id Σ 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:VSCat S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding SΣ 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... system SΣ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... code SΣ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... Slices for coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code, value:system
..... coding:BodyWeightCode Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... system Σ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
...... code Σ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 29463-7
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] SΣC 1..1 測量體重的時間
Constraints: vs-1
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] SΣC 0..1 Quantity Vital Signs value are recorded using the Quantity data type. For supporting observations such as Cuff size could use other datatypes such as CodeableConcept.
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... value SΣ 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit SΣ 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system SΣC 1..1 uri 單位系統
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
..... code SΣ 1..1 code 單位代碼
Binding: BodyWeightUnits (required): Common UCUM units for Body Weight.
... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component SΣC 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
Constraints: vs-3
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... value[x] SΣC 0..1 組件的實際結果
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
.... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code Base required Body Weight Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x] Base extensible Vital Signs Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1 error Observation.effective[x] if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2 error Observation If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3 error Observation.component If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from observation-bodyweight

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
... id 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... implicitRules 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... modifierExtension 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... partOf 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
... category 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
... code 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
.... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
... subject 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... encounter 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] 1..1 dateTime, Period 測量體重的時間
... performer 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] Content/Rules for all slices
.... value[x]:valueQuantity 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... value 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... unit 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system 1..1 uri 單位系統
..... code 1..1 code 單位代碼
... dataAbsentReason 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... hasMember 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
.... code 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
.... value[x] 0..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period 組件的實際結果
.... dataAbsentReason 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因

doco Documentation for this format
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
... id Σ 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest) 依據的照護計畫或醫療請求（basedOn）
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:VSCat S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding SΣ 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system SΣ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code SΣ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
...... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... Slices for coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code, value:system
..... coding:BodyWeightCode Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system Σ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
...... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code Σ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 29463-7
...... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] SΣC 1..1 測量體重的時間
Constraints: vs-1
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] SΣC 0..1 Quantity Vital Signs value are recorded using the Quantity data type. For supporting observations such as Cuff size could use other datatypes such as CodeableConcept.
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... value SΣ 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit SΣ 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system SΣC 1..1 uri 單位系統
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
..... code SΣ 1..1 code 單位代碼
Binding: BodyWeightUnits (required): Common UCUM units for Body Weight.
... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component SΣC 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
Constraints: vs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... value[x] SΣC 0..1 組件的實際結果
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
.... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
.... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
.... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code Base required Body Weight Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x] Base extensible Vital Signs Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1 error Observation.effective[x] if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2 error Observation If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3 error Observation.component If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from observation-bodyweight

Summary

Mandatory: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

Key Elements View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
... id Σ 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:VSCat S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... coding SΣ 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... system SΣ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... code SΣ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... Slices for coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code, value:system
..... coding:BodyWeightCode Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... system Σ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
...... code Σ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 29463-7
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] SΣC 1..1 測量體重的時間
Constraints: vs-1
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] SΣC 0..1 Quantity Vital Signs value are recorded using the Quantity data type. For supporting observations such as Cuff size could use other datatypes such as CodeableConcept.
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... value SΣ 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit SΣ 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system SΣC 1..1 uri 單位系統
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
..... code SΣ 1..1 code 單位代碼
Binding: BodyWeightUnits (required): Common UCUM units for Body Weight.
... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component SΣC 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
Constraints: vs-3
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... value[x] SΣC 0..1 組件的實際結果
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
.... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code Base required Body Weight Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x] Base extensible Vital Signs Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1 error Observation.effective[x] if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2 error Observation If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3 error Observation.component If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

Differential View

This structure is derived from observation-bodyweight

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
... id 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... implicitRules 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... modifierExtension 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... partOf 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
... category 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
... code 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
.... coding 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
... subject 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... encounter 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] 1..1 dateTime, Period 測量體重的時間
... performer 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] Content/Rules for all slices
.... value[x]:valueQuantity 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... value 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... unit 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system 1..1 uri 單位系統
..... code 1..1 code 單位代碼
... dataAbsentReason 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... hasMember 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
.... code 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
.... value[x] 0..1 Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period 組件的實際結果
.... dataAbsentReason 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因

doco Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraints    Filter: Filtersdoco
.. Observation C 0..* observation-bodyweight 用於記錄個案的體重觀察結果（Body Weight Observation）
Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, vs-2
... id Σ 0..1 id 不重複的 ID 用以識別儲存在特定 FHIR Server 中的 Observation 紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性 ID。
... meta Σ 0..1 Meta Metadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ 0..1 uri 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
... language 0..1 code Language of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguages Max Binding
... text 0..1 Narrative Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
... contained 0..* Resource Contained, inline Resources
... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?! 0..* Extension 能修改所包含資料項目解釋的擴充資料項目
... identifier Σ 0..* Identifier Business Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | TW Core ServiceRequest) 依據的照護計畫或醫療請求（basedOn）
... partOf Σ 0..* Reference(MedicationAdministration | TW Core MedicationDispense | TW Core MedicationStatement | TW Core Procedure | TW Core Immunization | TW Core ImagingStudy) 隸屬於的醫療事件（partOf）
... status ?!SΣ 1..1 code registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S 1..* CodeableConcept 觀察紀錄的類型
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
.... category:VSCat S 1..1 CodeableConcept Classification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding SΣ 1..* Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system SΣ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code SΣ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
...... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConceptTW 體重（Body Weight）
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... Slices for coding Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:code, value:system
..... coding:BodyWeightCode Σ 1..1 Coding Code defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system Σ 1..1 uri Identity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
...... version Σ 0..1 string Version of the system - if relevant
...... code Σ 1..1 code Symbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 29463-7
...... display Σ 0..1 string Representation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ 0..1 boolean If this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text Σ 0..1 string Plain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ 1..1 Reference(TW Core Patient) 觀察對象（Subject）
... focus Σ 0..* Reference(Resource) What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ 0..1 Reference(TW Core Encounter) 與本次體重觀察相關的就醫事件（Encounter）
... effective[x] SΣC 1..1 測量體重的時間
Constraints: vs-1
.... effectiveDateTime dateTime
.... effectivePeriod Period
... issued Σ 0..1 instant Date/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam) 執行者（Performer）
... Slices for value[x] SΣC 0..1 Quantity Vital Signs value are recorded using the Quantity data type. For supporting observations such as Cuff size could use other datatypes such as CodeableConcept.
Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
.... value[x]:valueQuantity SΣC 0..1 Quantity 體重數值（ValueQuantity）
..... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... value SΣ 1..1 decimal 體重數值
..... comparator ?!Σ 0..1 code < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
..... unit SΣ 1..1 string 體重單位
..... system SΣC 1..1 uri 單位系統
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
..... code SΣ 1..1 code 單位代碼
Binding: BodyWeightUnits (required): Common UCUM units for Body Weight.
... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
... note 0..* Annotation Comments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1 CodeableConcept Observed body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
... method 0..1 CodeableConcept How it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
... specimen 0..1 Reference(TW Core Specimen) 檢體（Specimen）
... device 0..1 Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) (Measurement) Device
... referenceRange C 0..* BackboneElement Provides guide for interpretation
Constraints: obs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) Low Range, if relevant
.... high C 0..1 SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) High Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1 CodeableConcept Reference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
.... appliesTo 0..* CodeableConcept Reference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
.... age 0..1 Range Applicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1 string Text based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core Observation Vital Signs | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) 組成成員（hasMember）
... derivedFrom Σ 0..* Reference(TW Core DocumentReference | TW Core ImagingStudy | TW Core Media | TW Core QuestionnaireResponse | TW Core Observation Vital Signs | MolecularSequence) 衍生來源（derivedFrom）
... component SΣC 0..* BackboneElement 身高測量的組成部分
Constraints: vs-3
.... id 0..1 string Unique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..* Extension Additional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ 0..* Extension Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... code SΣ 1..1 CodeableConcept 組件的類型
Binding: VitalSigns (extensible): This identifies the vital sign result type.
.... value[x] SΣC 0..1 組件的實際結果
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.
..... valueQuantity Quantity
..... valueCodeableConcept CodeableConcept
..... valueString string
..... valueBoolean boolean
..... valueInteger integer
..... valueRange Range
..... valueRatio Ratio
..... valueSampledData SampledData
..... valueTime time
..... valueDateTime dateTime
..... valuePeriod Period
.... dataAbsentReason SC 0..1 CodeableConcept 組件數據未提供的原因
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
.... interpretation 0..* CodeableConcept High, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
.... referenceRange 0..* See referenceRange (Observation) Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path Status Usage ValueSet Version Source
Observation.language Base preferred Common Languages 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.status Base required ObservationStatus 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.category:VSCat Base preferred Observation Category Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​comparator Base required QuantityComparator 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.​code Base required Body Weight Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite Base example SNOMED CT Body Structures 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.method Base example Observation Methods 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​type Base preferred Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo Base example Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code Base extensible Vital Signs 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​value[x] Base extensible Vital Signs Units 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason Base extensible DataAbsentReason 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation Base extensible Observation Interpretation Codes 📍4.0.1 FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id Grade Path(s) Description Expression
dom-2 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources contained.contained.empty()
dom-3 error Observation If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5 error Observation If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6 best practice Observation A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists()
ele-1 error **ALL** elements All FHIR elements must have a @value or children hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1 error **ALL** extensions Must have either extensions or value[x], not both extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3 error Observation.referenceRange Must have at least a low or a high or text low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6 error Observation dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7 error Observation If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()
vs-1 error Observation.effective[x] if Observation.effective[x] is dateTime and has a value then that value shall be precise to the day $this is dateTime implies $this.toString().length() >= 10
vs-2 error Observation If there is no component or hasMember element then either a value[x] or a data absent reason must be present. (component.empty() and hasMember.empty()) implies (dataAbsentReason.exists() or value.exists())
vs-3 error Observation.component If there is no a value a data absent reason must be present value.exists() or dataAbsentReason.exists()

This structure is derived from observation-bodyweight

Summary

Mandatory: 1 element

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

 

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron

Notes:

以下概述了此Profile所需的RESTful FHIR互動功能。有關TW Core IG支援的RESTful互動功能的完整清單，請參閱TW Core Server能力聲明。

必須支援以下查詢參數：

  1. 必須（SHALL） 支援透過查詢參數 patient 及 category 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs

  2. 必須（SHALL） 支援透過查詢參數 patient 及 code 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&code=http://loinc.org|29463-7

  3. 必須（SHALL） 支援透過查詢參數 patient 、 category 及 date 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    (如何透過date查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&date=ge2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

建議應該支援以下查詢參數：

  1. 建議應該（SHOULD） 支援透過查詢參數 patient 、 category 及 status 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|laboratory&status={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&status=final

  2. 建議應該（SHOULD） 支援透過查詢參數 patient 、 category 及 _lastUpdated 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    (如何透過date查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category={system|}[code]&_lastUpdated={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&_lastUpdated={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&_lastUpdated=ge2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

  3. 支援透過查詢參數 patient 、 code 及 date 查詢所有Observation：
    (如何透過reference查詢)
    (如何透過token查詢)
    (如何透過date查詢)
    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

    例子：
    (1) GET [base]/Observation?patient=Patient/pat-example&code=http://loinc.org|29463-7&date=ge2020-01-01T00:00:00Z