Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: social-history
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
text	S	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
subject	S	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
encounter		0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	S	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
performer		0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred)
Slices for coding		0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system		0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system		0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
Slices for component	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述
component:industry	S	0..1	BackboneElement	行業
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
Slices for value[x]		1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: social-history
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:industry	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	行業 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
Slices for value[x]	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 86188-0 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: social-history
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred)
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:industry	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	行業
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 86188-0 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG
Observation.component:industry.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Summary

Mandatory: 2 elements(7 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 14 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• TW CodeableConcept (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw)
• TW Core Patient (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore)
• TW Core Encounter (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore)
• TW Core Practitioner (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore)
• TW Core Organization (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore)
• TW Core PractitionerRole (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole-twcore)
• TW Core CareTeam (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CareTeam-twcore)
• TW Core Specimen (https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Specimen-twcore)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element 2 is sliced based on the values of Observation.category
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value[x].coding
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component
• The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.component.value[x]

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions
status	S	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: social-history
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
text	S	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
subject	S	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
encounter		0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	S	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
performer		0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred)
Slices for coding		0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system		0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system		0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code		1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
Slices for component	S	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述
component:industry	S	0..1	BackboneElement	行業
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
Slices for value[x]		1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: social-history
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component:industry	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	行業 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
Slices for value[x]	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 86188-0 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	Observation	Measurements and simple assertions obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	0..*	CodeableConceptTW	Classification of type of observation Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:twcore	S	0..1	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	Σ	1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Required Pattern: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
version	Σ	0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code	Σ	1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Required Pattern: social-history
display	Σ	0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	Occupation history Binding: LOINCCodes (preferred): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 11341-5
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(TW Core Patient)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ	0..*	Reference(Resource)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(TW Core Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣ	0..1	Period	Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | TW Core PractitionerRole | TW Core CareTeam)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	職業代碼或文字 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (preferred)
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
Slices for coding	S	0..*	CodingTW	由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
coding:LiaRocOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(LIA-ROC)維護的臺灣地區傷害保險個人職業分類表，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/occupation-lia-roc-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
coding:MolOccupation	S	0..1	CodingTW	此為中華民國勞動部(MOL)維護的職業標準分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類值集 (required): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id		0..1	string	唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension		0..*	Extension	擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system	SΣ	0..1	uri	專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Required Pattern: https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/CodeSystem/medical-service-payment-tw
version	Σ	0..1	string	系統的版本—如果相關的話
code	SΣ	1..1	code	系統定義的語法之符號
display	SΣ	0..1	string	由系統定義的表示法
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text	SΣ	0..1	string	概念的文字表示法
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(TW Core Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence)	Related measurements the observation is made from
Slices for component	SΣ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
component:All Slices				Content/Rules for all slices
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code		1..1	CodeableConceptTW	概念（Concept）— 參照一個專門術語或只是文字表述 Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
component:industry	SΣ	0..1	BackboneElement	行業
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 86188-0
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for value[x]	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Actual component result Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	S	1..1	CodeableConceptTW	此為行政院主計總處維護的行業分類，可免費使用，可依情境選用此代碼。 Binding: 行政院主計總處行業分類值集 (extensible): 應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code	URI
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages from the FHIR Standard Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1 from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category:twcore	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code	preferred	Pattern: LOINC Code 11341-5 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]	preferred	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:LiaRocOccupation	required	TWLIAROCOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣壽險公會傷害保險個人職業分類表) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-lia-roc-tw from this IG
Observation.value[x].coding:MolOccupation	required	TWMolOccupation (a valid code from 臺灣勞動部職業標準分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/occupation-mol-tw from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC) http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.code	example	Pattern: LOINC Code 86188-0 http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept	extensible	TWIndustry (a valid code from 行政院主計總處行業分類) https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/industry-dgbas-tw from this IG
Observation.component:industry.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component:industry.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation from the FHIR Standard

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()